在生产环境中部署 Blender¶

本页包含在动画工作室和学校等环境中设置 Blender 的技巧。

这些环境通常对安全性、自动部署和定制化有特殊要求。

安装 Blender¶

Blender downloads can be extracted to any directory on the system, as a self contained installation. Multiple Blender versions can co-exist on the same system, and deployment can be automated using standard file management tools.

New Blender versions may add, remove or change functionality that affects the results of production files. For a given project, it is advisable to use a single LTS version of Blender. LTS versions receive bug fixes for two years.

离线工作¶

For security or other reasons, workstation may not have internet access.

By default Blender does not access the internet, however this can be enabled in the System preferences with the Online Access option.

Working offline can be enforced by running with the --offline-mode command line argument. Users will then be unable to enable online access in the preferences.

Note

Add-ons that follow this setting will only connect to the internet if enabled. However, Blender cannot prevent third-party add-ons from violating this rule.

捆绑扩展¶

When working offline or in a more controlled environment, it may be useful to provide a set of extensions to all users. For this there is a default read-only System repository. This repository can for example be located on a read-only network drive or in a system directory.

../_images/advanced_deploying-blender_system-extensions.png — 系统存储库¶

The $BLENDER_SYSTEM_EXTENSIONS environment variable controls the default location. This should point to a directory, within which a system directory should exist.

Extensions packages should be extracted in this system directory, with a resulting path like this:

$BLENDER_SYSTEM_EXTENSIONS/system/my-addon/blender_manifest.toml

In the Extensions preferences, it's possible to manually set a custom directory for the default System repository, or to create multiple repositories.

捆绑脚本¶

Besides extensions, it's possible to bundle scripts for presets, application templates, legacy add-ons, as well as scripts run on startup.

Script directories can be manually added in the File Paths preferences. The $BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS can also be used to add a script directory without modifying the preferences.

These script directories are expected to contain specific directories like presets, addons and startup for different types of scripts. See 路径布局 for a complete list.

启动脚本¶

The Blender Python API can be used to customize Blender. This includes changing preferences, changing the startup file and adding UI elements.

For example, a script can enable add-ons for every user.

$BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS/startup/enable_addons.py

def register():
    import addon_utils
    addon_utils.enable("my-addon")

def unregister():
    pass

if __name__ == "__main__":
    register()

应用模板¶

应用模板 can be used to set up Blender for particular tasks or projects, separate from the default configuration. When creating a new file the user can choose the template.

The files are expected to be placed in the system script directories like this:

$BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS/startup/bl_app_templates_system/MyTemplate/__init__.py
$BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS/startup/bl_app_templates_system/MyTemplate/startup.blend

旧式插件¶

尚未转换为扩展的插件需要放在 addons 脚本目录中。

例如，插件可以位于：

$BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS/addons/simple_addon.py
$BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS/addons/complex_addon/__init__.py

VFX 平台¶

Blender follows the VFX reference platform, which means it is able to run on the same systems as other VFX software and exchange image, volume and scene files with them.

Python 版本¶

Blender and the bpy module are only compatible with a single Python version. This makes it possible for add-ons and VFX software in general to only have to target a single Python version.

Blender bundles a complete Python installation and does not interact with the system Python by default. This can be changed with the --python-use-system-env command line argument, if care is taken to set up a compatible Python version.